CONCATENATE joins values into one text string in Google Sheets. Add spaces or punctuation explicitly when the pieces need separators.
It can join cells, literal text, and ranges. For one combined result per row, use a filled-down formula or an array formula with the & operator instead of aggregating the entire range.
CONCATENATE function syntax
=CONCATENATE(string1, [string2, ...])- string1: the first text, value, or range to join.
- string2 and later arguments: optional additional pieces, in the required order.
The Google CONCATENATE reference describes the function arguments.
Example data
Enter this dataset starting in A1. Leave cells marked “leave empty” empty; type any displayed formula as a formula. Keep a separate blank area for the results.
| First | Last | Code |
|---|---|---|
| Maya | Patel | 7 |
| Noah | Jones | 42 |
| Ari | Chen | 101 |
The examples below use this dataset unless the formula supplies its own values. Array results need enough empty cells to expand. The formulas use commas as argument separators. Your spreadsheet locale may require semicolons.
Join a first and last name
The quoted space separates Maya and Patel. Without it, the two names would run together.
=CONCATENATE(A2," ",B2)Result: Maya Patel
Build an address or sentence
Commas and spaces are literal pieces in this address.
=CONCATENATE("12 Oak St",", ","Austin",", ","TX")Result: 12 Oak St, Austin, TX
Numbers can appear inside a sentence, but the final combined value is text.
=CONCATENATE("Mouse has ",12," units in stock")Result: Mouse has 12 units in stock
Join a range in reading order
A single-row range joins its cells without automatic separators.
=CONCATENATE(A2:C2)Result: MayaPatel7
A rectangular range is read across the first row and then across the next. This creates one string, not a separate result for every row.
=CONCATENATE(A2:B3)Result: MayaPatelNoahJones
Preserve a code or date format
TEXT formats 7 as 007 before joining it to SKU-. This preserves the intended leading zeros in the final text.
=CONCATENATE("SKU","-",TEXT(C2,"000"))Result: SKU-007
TEXT formats the underlying date serial as yyyy-mm-dd before combining it with Due.
=CONCATENATE("Due ",TEXT(DATE(2026,9,15),"yyyy-mm-dd"))Result: Due 2026-09-15
Combine each row of two columns
The & operator joins corresponding first and last names. ARRAYFORMULA expands the three separate results down the column.
=ARRAYFORMULA(A2:A4&" "&B2:B4)| Maya Patel |
| Noah Jones |
| Ari Chen |
Join with a separator and skip empty pieces
TEXTJOIN inserts a comma and space between nonempty pieces. TRUE tells it to ignore empty inputs.
=TEXTJOIN(", ",TRUE,"Street","","City")Result: Street, City
Other Google Sheets articles you may also like